Definition
Well-to-wheels GHG emissions by all urban area passenger and freight transport modes
Parameter
G = Greenhouse gas emission [tonnes CO2(eq.) /cap. Per year]
Tk = Tank to wheel CO2 emission per energy type unit considered [kg/ℓ or kg/kWh]
Wk = Well to tank CO2 equivalent emission per energy type unit considered [factor]
Aij= Activity volume (distance driven by transport mode i and vehicle type j) [million vkm per year]
Sijk = Share of fuel type k per vehicle type j and per transport mode i [fraction]
Cijkc = Share of emission class c per fuel type k per vehicle type j and per transport mode i [fraction]
Ijk = Energy intensity per distance driven for vehicle type j and fuel type k [ℓ/km or MJ/km or kWh/km]
Cap = Capita or number of inhabitants in the urban area [#]
Fijk = Non-CO2 GHG correction (CO2 equivalent) [factor]
k = Energy type (petrol, diesel, bio-fuel, electricity, hydrogen, etc.) [type]
i = Transport mode (passenger car, tram, bus, train, motorcycle, inland vessel, freight train, truck, etc.) [type]
j = Vehicle class (if available, specified by model (e.g. SUV, etc.) [type]
multiplication by 1000 to transform unit from kg to tonnes
Data sources
Information needed | Possible specific sources | Costs* | Advice to fill data gaps and/ or improve data quality |
Number of inhabitants | The number of inhabitants is usually known. | L | - |
Energy content for different fuel types | Default values for energy content are provided. | L | - |
Transport volumes:
Vehicle-km of freight vehicles (or tkm per mode) | Information on transport volumes should be based on the information provided in the modal split sheet. | M/H | See “ http://ec.europa.eu/transport/node/6530{Modal split as Link}”.
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Fuel consumption by vehicle type by fuel type (and Euro Emission standard for gasoline and diesel) (l/ vkm, Kg/vkm) | Default values for fuel consumption are provided. | L | - |
Vehicle fleet composition per vehicle type per fuel type (%) | For vehicle fleet data at country level could be used (if regional or more specific information is not available). Eurostat and ACEA provides information on the fuel types. Other possible sources include national statistics (e.g. national Motor Vehicle Registration Authority) and modelling for Emission Standards. | L/M |
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Vehicle fleet composition per vehicle type for gasoline and diesel per Euro emission class (%) | L/M |
* The column “Costs” provides a qualitative assessment of the budget (staff costs, time, costs for data acquisition, etc.) needed by a city/ urban area for gathering new quantitative data in absence of already available values. For each parameter, the assessment takes into account both the administrative costs and the costs related to searching, acquisition and processing of the needed data; these can be high (“H”), medium (“M”) or low (“L”), or a combination of a pair of them.
Files
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